In the last lesson (post) we managed to cover the basics of allocating income to retirement accounts. Nearly all experts agree that retirement savings should be the first priority when it comes to income distribution. The next most important savings category is emergency savings; lesson two in our three part series.
Welcome to Income Allocation 101: Emergency Savings
Before we attempt to evaluate how much income we need to allocate to this savings category, we should quickly address the need for these accounts. An emergency savings account is a risk management tool used for unexpected life-shifting situations. Life-shifting examples include losing your job or a loss in the family, not a recent urge to buy a new car. Building a stockpile of savings within this account could be used until life gets back to normal.
Again, few experts agree on the amount needed in this category. Honestly, the more the better, but a reasonable goal is three months of your current income. This will allow you to maintain your current standard of living for three months. Let’s go back to Scenario 2 from the last lesson to strategize ways to accomplish our initial goal:
Scenario 2: 30-year-old with some retirement savings and $70,000 salary

This individual makes $52,500 in income after taxes. In order to build a three month emergency savings account, this individual would need to dedicate 25% of his/her current income to do so. Given that he/she is already planning on allocating 9% to retirement savings, I would predict that saving 34% of this individuals current salary may be to aggressive. A more reasonable plan would be to tackle half of the three month goal this year, and another half the next year. This situation means the individual only dedicates $6,562.50 to emergency savings, representing 12.5% of his/her gross income, accounting for a combined retirement and emergency savings goal of 21.5%.
The nice thing about building an emergency savings account is that it ultimately gets easier to fund as time passes. Let’s build upon the prior example, hold the income at $52,500, and assume he/she contributed the rest of the three month goal the second year. Now that the individual has a nice three month base, he/she may want to simply add another month of emergency savings per year, or $4,375 (52,500/12). This amount only accounts for 8.3% of income, reducing the total savings goal to 17.3%. Three years pass and this individual has a six month emergency savings account and no longer needs to allocate money to this savings category.
But what if my salary increases? The beautiful thing about an emergency savings account is that many investments within this account will outpace your wage growth. In short, your emergency savings account will likely more than compensate for raises in your salary.
I will offer more in-depth analysis on which account types and assets are best for these emergency account at a later date. But for now, I would suggest taxable trading accounts and high-interest online savings accounts with liquid holdings. These accounts offer the highest return and allow you to easily sell and withdraw funds when your emergency hits.
Two quick recommendations:
- ING Savings Account: Offers around 4% interest, great user interface, and easy money transfer. Leave a comment and I will email you my referral code so you get an free $25 for signing up!
- Zecco Online Trading: Free trades! Great user interface and easy money transfer. Leave a comment and I will email you my referral code.
This post has since been added to the Carnival of Personal Finance.